Boiler for heating buildings.



PATENTED JULY 18, 1905.

No. 794,713. v

" J. B. BERNHARD.

BOILER FOR HEATING BUILDINGS.

APPLIOATION TILED 00119.1904. v

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

4 No. 794,773- PATENTED JULY 18, 1905.

I J. B BBRNHARD.

BOILER FOR HEATING BUILDINGS.

APPLICATION nun 00T.19,1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

fiw w anus whom M I v fivwvva/ g-{ infer/ma o Aunnzw a. GRAHAM co, umnenmmzns, WASHINGTON. u c

.No. 794,773.v PATENTED JULY 18, 1905 a I. B. BERNHARD. BOILER FOR HEATING BUILDINGS. APPLIGATION IILED OCT. 19,1904.

3 sums-sum a w w L l V i NITED STATES Patented July 18, 1905.

PATENT FFICE.

BOILER FOR HEATING BUILDINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 794,773, dated July 18, 1905.

Application filed October 19, 1904:. Serial No, 229,203-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN B. BERNHARD, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers for Heating Buildings, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation; Fig. 2, an elevation of the right-hand end of the boiler; Fig. 3, a similar view of the other end; Fig. 4, a vertical transverse sectional view on the line IV IV of Fig. 1; Fig. 5, a longitudinal sectional view on the line V V of Fig. 4; Fig. 6, a similar View on the line VI VI of Fig. 4; Fig. 7, an elevation of the inner side of one of the end sections; and Figs. 8 and 9, detail sectional views of the two end sections, showing the arrangement of the parts to reverse the draft of the boiler.

One of the many objects of this invention is to produce a boiler of simple construction equally Well adapted for steam or hot-water heating plants, which is made up of sections or legs which extend from the front to the rear thereof, said sections being arranged side by side and so constructed that the fire travel will be both lateral and rearward.

Another object of the invention is to provide a boiler wherein the grate will be very short, but of any desired width, its greatest dimension being lateral instead of rearward, the object of this being to secure the desired area of grate-surface with the minimum depth of grate in order that the fire may be readily and conveniently tended. I

Another object of the invention is to so construct the sections as to secure the largest possible surface of the water tubes and chambers exposed to the hot gases and to secure a rapid circulation of water therein.

A further object of the invention is to provide means whereby the direction of the fire travel. may be reversed in order that the smoke-pipe may be attached to either end of the boiler, if desired. This is important in that it enables the smoke-pipe to be placed on that end of the boiler which is nearest the chimney.

Other important objects and advantages of the invention will appear hereinafter.

Referring to the various parts by numerals, 1 designates the left-hand end section of the boiler, and 2 the right hand end section. These sections are identical in every way except that one is designed to be used at the left-hand end of the boiler and the other at the right-hand end thereof. Between these two sections are arranged the intermediate sections or water-legs 3. All of these sections or legs are provided at their upper ends with flanges 4, which are notched to receive bolts by which the sections are secured together, and at their lower ends with flanges 5, which are also notched to receive suitable bolts to secure said sections together at their lower ends. The end sections are provided at their upper ends with flanges 4, which register with flanges 4. of the intermediate sections, these flanges being notched to receive securing-bolts. Flanges 5 are formed on the lower ends of said sections, which flanges register with the corresponding flanges on the intermediate sections and are adapted to receive bolts to secure the end sections to said intermediate sections. Each end section is formed with an outer wall 6 and a parallel inner wall 7 said walls being spaced a suitable distance apart to form a water-space. Each of these sections is also formed near its rear edge and slightly below its upper edge with a large opening 8, said opening extending entirely through said section, as shown clearly in Figs. 5 and 7. Each of said sections is also formed near its upper edge With a long horizontal narrow opening 9, whose upper edge is on a level with the upper edge of opening 8, this opening also extending entirely through the section. Below the opening9 the section is reduced in width to form the broad vertical channel 10, and above said .opening 9 the inner wall of the section curves inward and upward, as at 11, to the inner face of the section, and the upper end of the channel 10 is connected to the opening 8 by the cross-channel 10. The openings 9 are closed by suitable doors 12.

. The intermediate hollow water-containing sections or legs 3 are all of the same shape and construction, and as manyof these sections are used as are necessary to make up a boiler of the desired size. Each of these sections is formed with a rear pedestal or foot 13 and with a rear upward-extending large vertical chamber 14:, said chamber being connected at its lower end to the upper end of the pedestal by a forward and downward curved part15. To-the upper end of the chamber 14: is connected the forward-extending horizontal dome portion 16, which is forwardly tapered, its upper surface inclining forward and downward. The forward end of this dome portion is connected to the upper end of the small frontchamber 17, and the lower end of this chamber is connected to the rear chamber 14: by a horizontal chamber or waterway 18,

which forms a crown-sheet section, this waterway'being forwardly tapered, as shown. Connecting the forward upper end of the-pedestal 13 with the crown-sheet section or horizontal waterway 18, near its rear end, is a Waterway or chamber 19, which forms the rear fire-wall portion of the combustion-chamber.

portions of the section just described are of the same width, so that when a number of said sections are bolted together three fire ways or flues are formedone at in Fig. 4 directly over the grate and below the horizontal waterways or crown-sheet members 18 and forward of the water-chambers 19 and constituting the combustion-chamber or fire-box, one at 21 above the crown-sheet members 18 and below v the dome portions and between the front and rear water-chambers and forming an intermediate fire-fiue, and one at 22 between the rear chamber 14:, crown-sheet members 18, the chambers 19, and the feet or pedestals 13, which serves as-a lower return-flue. The passage-way 20 is in communication at its ends 1 with the channels 10 and the openings 9 of the end sections 1 and 2 below the horizontal division-wall 23, formed by the waterways 18, as shown clearly in Fig. 6. The passage-way 21 is above this division-wall and is in communication at its ends with the upper ends of the channels 10 and the openings 9 of the end sections. This upper passage 21 is also in communication at itsends with the openings 8 in the end sections, as clearly shown in Fig. 5, and the lower rear passage-way or flue 22 is in communication at its ends with the openings 8 of the end sections. Each intermediate section is formed with the lower hollow firebox member 24, which extends upward and forward from the pedestal 13 and the lower end of chamber 19 to the horizontal crownsheet member 18, as shown clearly in Fig. 4:, directly over the grate and in the fire-box. This fire-box member is tapered forwardly and is also tapered downwardly, so that the edge nearest the fire is very narrow and will not obstruct the rising hot gases, as shown clearly in Fig. 6. Connecting this firebox member with the under side of the crown- All the sheet member or Waterway are vertical upward-extending tubes 25, through which water may rise from the' fire-box member into the crown-sheet member. Connecting the crown-sheet member with the dome portion area series of vertical tubes 26, said tubes and the tubes 25 being spaced suitable distances apart to form lateral fire-fines 27 These tubes 25'and 26 are of less diameter than the domeportion and the crown-sheet member, so that they will not interfere with the free passage of the hot gases rearward in the passageways 20 and 21, as clearly shown in Fig. 6. It will thus be seen that each intermediate section is formed with a pedestal and a forwardextending overhanging part which projects into the fire-box or combustion-chamber and forms the top and rear wall of said chamber. It will also be noted that the circulation of water in the boiler will be very rapid, the water passing up through the fire-box member into the crown-sheet portion and thence into the dome, part and thence downward through the large rear chamber into the pedestal.

The lower ends of the front members 17 of the intermediate sections rest upon the top of the boiler-front 28, as clearly shown in Fig.

' 1, and the inner front portion of the end sections are cut away or recessed to receive the ends of said boiler-front. This front is supported upon a suitable base part 29 and is formed of one or more hollow sections connected together between the end sections by bolts 30. Bolts 31 pass through the reduced parts of the end sections and through the boiler-front members to secure the end sections to said front members. The members of the boiler-front are provided with openings 28 in their outer edges, one of said openings being at the bottom thereof and the other near the top of each of said sections. These openings register with corresponding openings 28 formed in the end sections, as-shown clearly in Fig. 7, so that the Water in the end sections may circulate freely through the boiler-front members. Any suitable means may be employed for securing a water-tight joint between these registering openings. The boiler-front sections are formed with firedoors 32, and the base is provided with doors 33 for the ash-pit openings. As shown in the drawings, the boiler consists of two end sections and five intermediate sections, and the boiler-front is formed in two sections of equal size. It is obvious that should it be desired to construct a boiler having only two intermediate sections one of the boiler-front sections only need be used, said one section exactly fitting a boiler of that size.

The pedestals 13 of the intermediate sections rest upon the rear wall 34 of the base, and the end sections rest upon the side walls 35 of said base. The intermediate sections are in communication with each other and with the bottom parts of the end sections through registering openings 36, and the domes are in communication with each other and with the tops of the end sections through the registering openings 37, so that the water may freely circulate through the sections. Any suitable means may be employed to secure a water-tight joint between the registering openings in these sections. Water is admitted into the boiler at the bottom of the end sections through openings 38 therein, and the hot water or steam passes from the boiler through pipes 39 at the tops of the end sections.

In order to direct the products of combustion in the desired direction through the horizontal fire-flues 20, 21, and 22, each end section is formed with a flange 40 along the lower edge of the opening 9 and with lugs 41 at the inner edges of the channel 10, said lugs being on a level with the center of the horizontal division-wall 23, formed by the waterways or crown-sheet members 18, as shown clearly in Fig. 6. To close the channel 10 in one of the end sections to cut off communication between the passages and 21 at that point, a dia phragm or plate 42 is supported on the flanges and lugs 41, as shown clearly at the lefthand end of Fig. 6. This diaphragm closes one end of the passage 20, and thereby causes the products of combustion to travel to the other end of said way and up through the channel 10 into the flue 21. It will of course be understood that the products of combustion pass around the fire-box members 24 of the intermediate sections and around and between the tubes 25 and against the forward sides of the chambers 19.

Each end section is formed with horizontal flanges 43, which extend along the sides of the opening 8 on a level with the ends of the crown-sheet 23. These flanges are adapted to support a horizontal division-plate 44. (Shown at the right-hand end of Fig. 5.) The opening 8 of one of the end sections is closed by a funnel-shaped plate or smoke-pipe attachment 45, to the outer reduced end of which the smoke-pipe is adapted to be connected. The

, opening 8 of the other end section is closed by a plate 46, said plate and the smoke-pipe at tachment being detachably secured in position. In the upper part of the smoke-pipe attachment is mounted a damper 47, which is adapted to swing down and rest against the outer edge of the division-plate 44 to thereby close communication between one end of the passage-way 21 and the opening 8 in the adjoining end section. It will thus be seen that the products of combustion after entering the passage-way 21 will entirely fill said passageway from the front of the boiler to the rear thereof and will pass through the entire length of the boiler from one end section to the other, circulating entirely around and between all of the water-tubes 26 and through the passages 27. As the diaphragm 42 closes communication between the passages 20 and 21 the products of combustion will be forced to pass into the opening 8 of the end section opposite the smoke-pipe attachment and down into the large rear horizontal passage-Way 22, through said passage-way to the other end section, and thence through opening 8 into the smokepipe. The smoke-pipe attachment is formed with an opening 45, which is adapted to be closed by adamper 45'. This damper is mounted in the smoke-pipe attachment and serves when it is raised to a vertical position as a check-damper for the draft through the fireflue 22. When it is in its raised position, cold air may pass into the smoke-pipe through the opening 45.

From the foregoing it will be noted that the fire travel is three vtimes the length of the' boiler, that the hot gases circulate freely throughout the entire length thereof, and that by reason of the peculiar construction of the water legs or sections a very great amount of the surface of the water-tubes is exposed to the heat.

The object of detachably securing the smokepipe attachment and the plate 45 to the end sections over the openings 8 and merely resting the division-plate 44 and the diaphragm 42 on the supporting-flanges is that by reversing the arrangement of these parts shown in Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings the direction of the fire travel through flues 20, 21, and 22 may be reversed. The reversed positions of these parts are shown in Figs. 8 and 9. As the end sections are exactly alike in construction, it will be readily understood that the diaphragm 42 may be placed in the right-hand end section and the division-plate 46 placed in the opening 8 in the left-hand end section and that the position of the smoke-pipe attachments and the plate 46 may be likewise reversed.

It will of course be understood that any suitable form of grate may be employed and that the necessary attachments will be applied to the boiler to adapt it for use with either a steam or hot-water heating plant.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A boiler composed of two end sections, intermediate rearward-extending water-containing sections each of said intermediate sections being formed with a vertical front chamber, a vertical rear chamber, a pedestal connected to the lower end of the rear chamber, a dome part connecting the upper ends of the front and rear chambers, registering openings being formed in the pedestals and in the dome parts, a horizontal rearward-extending crownsheet member connecting the front and rear chambers, the edges of the crown-sheet members meeting and dividing the interior of the boiler into an upper and lower fire-flue, a chamber 19 connecting the crown-sheet member with the pedestal, the edges of said chambers IIO meeting and forming a rear lower horizontal flue, passage-ways in the end sections connecting the ends of the upper and lower flues and the ends of the upper flue and the lower rear horizontal flue, andmeans in the end sections for directing the products of combustion through the fire-flues to the smoke-outlet.

2'. A boiler composed of the end sections, the intermediate rearward-extending watercontaining sections each of saidintermediate sections being formed with a vertical front chamber, a vertical rear chamber, a pedestal connected to the lower end of the rear chamber, a dome part connecting the upper ends of the front and rear chambers, registering openings formed in the pedestal and in the dome parts, a horizontal rearward-extending crown-sheet member connecting the front and rear members, the edges of the crown-sheet 'members meeting and dividing the interior of the boiler into an upper and lower fire-flue,

a chamber 19 connecting the crown-sheet member with the pedestal, the edges of said chambers meeting and forming a lower rear horizontal flue,vpassageways in the end sections connecting, the ends of the upper and lower flues and the ends of the upper flue and the lower rear horizontal flue, means in the end sections for-directing the products of combustion through the fire-flues to the smokeoutlet, a boiler-front supporting the lower ends of the front chambers of the intermediate sections, the forward inner edges of the end sections being cut out to receive said boiler front, and means for securing the boiler-front to the end sections.

8. A water section or leg for a sectional boiler formed with a pedestal, a rear chamber connected at its lower end to said pedestal, a front chamber above the pedestal, a dome part connecting the upper ends of the front and rear chambers, a horizontal crown-sheet member connecting the lower end of the front chamber to the rear chamber, an upward and forward inclined fire-box member connecting the pedestal to the crown-sheet member at its forward end, vertical water-tubes connecting the crown-sheet member with the dome part and the fire-box member with the crown-sheet member, said water-tubes being smaller in diameter than the crown-sheet member and the dome part.

4. A water section or leg for a sectional boiler formed with a pedestal, a rear vertical chamber connected at its lower end to said pedestal, a front chamber above the pedestal, a substantially horizontal dome part connecting theupper ends of the front and rear chambers, the front chamber. being shorter than the rear chamber, a horizontal crown-sheet connecting the lower end of the front chamber to the rear chamber,'and a substantially vertical chamber connecting the pedestal at its forward end to the crown-sheet near its rear end, the pedestal and the dome part being provided with openings through which the water may circulate.

5. A boiler composed of two hollow end sections adapted to contain water, a plurality of intermediate rearward-extending water-containing sections, each of said intermediate sections being formed with a forward-extending overhanging part around which the hot gases circulate and with a horizontal crown-sheet section extending from the front to the rear of the section, the edges of said crown-sheet sections meeting and forming a substantially gastight wall across the interior of the boiler and dividing the same into an upper fire-flue and a lower fire-box or .passage-way, one of the end sections being formed with a vertical channel connecting the two horizontal passageways, an independent horizontal passage-way through the intermediate sections at the rear of the fire-box and below the crown-sheet, and vertical passage-ways formed in the end sec- "tions and connecting one end of the independent fire-flue with the passage-way above the crown-sheet and connecting the other end of said flue with a smoke-outlet. 6. A boiler composed of two end section and intermediate sections extending from front to rear, each of said intermediate sections having an overhanging forwardly-extending portion between which the hot gases pass, said overhanging portion being formed with transverse openings for the passage of the hot gases to the end of the boiler, a horizontal crown-sheet portion formed on each intermediate section, said crown-sheet portions fitting together and forming the top of the combustion-chamber and the bottom of the upper flue above the combustionchamber, a passage-way in one end section connecting the combustion-chamber to one end of said upper flue, each of said intermediate sections being formed with openings back of the combustionchamber which are adapted to register and form a return fire-flue, a passage-way in one end section connecting the upper intermediate flue to the return fire-flue and a passageway in the other endsection connecting this latter flue with the exhaust.

7 A boiler composed of two end sections and intermediate sections extending from,

front to rear, each of said intermediate sections having an overhanging forwardly-extending portion between which the hot gases pass, said overhanging portion being formed with transflue above the combustion-chamber, a passage" way in one end section connecting the combustion-chamber to one end of said upper flue, each of said intermediate sections being formed with openings back of the combustion-chamber which are adapted to register and form a return fire-flue, a passage-Way connecting the upper intermediate flue to the return fire-flue and a passage-way connecting this latter flue with the exhaust.

8. A boiler composed of two end sections and intermediate sections extending from front to rear, each of said intermediate sections having an overhanging forward extending portion between which the hot gases pass from one end of the boiler to the other, a crownsheet portion formed on each intermediate section, said crown-sheet portions fitting together and forming the top of the combustionchamber or fire-box and the bottom of an upper flue above the combustion-chamber each of said intermediate sections being formed with an opening back of the combustionchamber which are adapted to register and form a return fire-flue, and passage-ways in the end sections connecting the combustionchamber to the upper flue, and the upper flue to the return-flue and the return-flue with the exhaust.

9. A boiler composed of two end sections and intermediate sections extending from front to rear, each of said intermediate sections having an overhanging forward-extending portion between which the hot gases pass from one end of the boiler to the other, a crownsheet portion formed on each intermediate section, said crown-sheet portions fitting together and forming the top of the combustionchamber or fire-box and the bottom of an upper flue above the combustion-chamber each of said intermediate sections being formed with an opening back of the combustionchamber which are adapted to register and form a return fire-flue, and passage-ways connecting the combustion-chamber to the upper flue, and the upper flue to the return-flue and the return-flue with the exhaust.

10. A boiler composed of two end sections and intermediate sections extending from front to rear each of said intermediate sections having an overhanging forward-extending portion between which the hot gases pass from one end of the boiler to the other, a crownsheet portion formed on each intermediate section, said crown-sheet portions fitting together and forming the top of the combustion-chamber each of said intermediate sections being formed with an opening back of the combustion-chamber which are adapted to register and form a return fire-flue, and passage-ways in the end sections connecting the combustionchamber to the upper flue and the upper flue to the return-flue and the return-flue with the exhaust, and means detachably connected to the end sections for reversing the direction of the fire travel.

11. A boiler composed of two end sections and intermediate sections extending from front to rear, each of said intermediate sections having an overhanging forward-extending portion between which the hot gases pass from one end of the boiler to the other, a crownsheet portion formed on each intermediate section said crown-sheet portions fitting together and forming the top of the combustion-chamber and the bottom of an upper flue above the combustion-chamber each of said intermediate sections being also formed with an opening back of the combustion chamber which are adapted to register and form a return fire-flue, and passage-ways in the end sections connecting the combustion-chamber to the upper flue and the upper flue to the return-flue and the return-flue with the exhaust, and a draft-regulating damper at the exhaust end of the return-flue.

12. Aboiler composed of two end sections and intermediate'sections each of said intermediate sections having a forward-extending relatively thin part located above the grate and in the fire-box and provided with transverse openings through which the hot gases may travel to one end of the boiler, a crown-sheet portion formed on each intermediate section above the fire-box and extending from the front to the rear of the section, said crownsheet portions fitting together and forming the top of the combustion chamber and the bottom of an upper horizontal flue, a dome part above the crown-sheet portion,relatively narrow water-tubes connecting the dome and the crown sheet portions, and a passageway through each section in the rear of the combustion chamber and forming when the sections are secured together a return fire-flue, and passage-ways in the end sections connecting the combustion-chamber to the upper flue the upper flue to the return-flue and the return-flue to the exhaust.

13. A boiler composed of a plurality of sections secured together side by side and running from front to rear of the boiler each of said sections having a rear pedestal a forwardextending relatively thin fire-box member, a horizontal crown-sheet portion, a dome part, the crown-sheet portions forming the top of the combustion-chamber and the bottom of an upper horizontal flue, each section being formed with a passage-way above the pedestal and in the rear of the combustion-chamber, said passage-ways forming a complete returnflue from one end of the boiler to the other, and means for directing the products of combustion from the fire-box into the upper flue at one end thereof, and from the upper flue into the return-flue and from said return-flue to the exhaust.

14:. A boiler composed of two end sections and intermediate sections extending from front to rear, each of said intermediate sections having an overhanging forward-extending portion between which the hot gases pass from one end of the boiler to the other, a crown-sheet portion formed on eachintermediate section, said crown-sheet portions fitting together and forming the top of the combustion-chamber and the bottom of an upper flue above the combustion-chamber each of said intermediate sections being formed with an opening back of the combustion chamber which are adapted to register and form a return fire-flue, and passage-ways in the end sections connecting the combustion-chamber to the upper flue and the upper flue to the return-flue and the return-flue with the exhaust, and means detachably secured to the outer side of the end sections to direct the products of combustion from the upper flue into the return-flue and from the return-flue into the exhaust.

15. A boiler composed of two end sections and Y intermediate sections extending from front to rear, each of said intermediate sections having an overhanging forward-extending portion between which the hot gases pass from one end of the boiler to the other, a crown-sheet portion formed on each intermediate section, said crown-sheet portions fitting together and forming the top of the combustion-chamber or fire-box and the bottom of an upper flue above the combustion-chamber each of said intermediate sections being formed with an opening back of the combustion-chamber which are adapted to register and form a return fire-flue, and passage-ways in the end sections connecting the combustion-chamber to the upper flue and the upper fine to the return-flue and the return-flue with the exhaust, and cleaning-out doors in each end section on a line with the crown-sheet portion whereby the upper flue and the lateral passages through the combustion-chamber or fire-box may be cleaned.

16. A boiler composed of two end sections and intermediate sections extending from front to rear, each of said intermediate sections having a forwardly-extending portion projecting into the fire-box or combustionchamber and tapering at its lower edge whereby said lower edge will not obstruct the upward passage of the products of combustion, a crown-sheet above said tapered portion and forming the top of the combustion-chamber, an upper horizontal flue above the combustion-chamber and a rear return-flue at the rear of the combustion-chamber and below the crown-sheet.

17. A boiler composed of two end sections, a plurality of hollow rearward-extending intermediate sections parallel with each other each of said intermediate sections being formed with a pedestal, with a forward-extending overhanging part adapted to project over the grate, a horizontal crown-sheet portion, a dome part, a vertical chamber connecting the forward ends of the dome part and the crown-sheet member, a rear chamber connecting the rear ends of the dome part and crown-sheet member with the pedestal, a forconnecting the pedestal with the crown-sheet member near the forward end thereof, watertubes connecting the fire-box member with the crown -sheet member and similar tubes connecting the crown-sheet member with the dome part and means in the end sections for directing the products of combustion through the horizontal passage-ways formed by the intermediate sections.

18. A water-section for a sectional boiler formed with a pedestal, a large rear vertical chamber connected at its lower end to said pedestal, a small vertical front chamber above the pedestal, a substantially horizontal rearwardly-enlarging dome part connecting the upper ends of the front and rear chambers, the front chamber being shorter than the rear chamber, a horizontal rearwardly-enlarging crown-sheet portion connecting the lower end of the front chamber to the rear chamber, a substantially vertical rear fire-wall chamber connecting the pedestal at its forward upper end to the crown-sheetportion near its rear end, the pedestal and the dome part being provided with openings in which the water from adjoining sections may circulate.

19. A water-section for a sectional boiler formed with a pedestal, a large rear vertical chamber connected at its lower end to said pedestal, a small vertical front chamber above the pedestal, a substantially horizontal rearwardly-enlarging dome part connecting the upper ends of the front and rear chambers the front chamber being shorter than the rear chamber, a horizontal rearwardly-enlarging crown-sheet portion connecting the lower end of the front chamber to the rear chamber, a substantially vertical chamber connecting the pedestal at its forwardiupper end to the crownsheet portion near its rear end, a forwardlytapered fire-box member connecting-the pedestal to the crown-sheet member near its forward end, vertical water-tubes smaller in diameter than the dome part or crown-sheet member and connecting the fire-box member with the crown-sheet and the latter member with the dome part, the pedestal and the dome part being provided with openings through which the water from adjoining sections may circulate.

20. A boiler composed of two end sections and intermediate sections extending from front to rear, each of the intermediate sections being formed with a pedestal, a crownsheet member, a dome part, a front chamber, a rear chamber and a vertical fire-wall member whereby when said intermediate sections are assembled a combustion-chamber, an upper horizontal fire-flue and a lower rear return-flue are formed, each of the end sections being formed with a broad vertical channel connecting the combustion-chamber with the upper flue, and with a large passage connectward and upward extending fire-box member 5 ing the ends of the upper fire-passage with In testimony whereof I hereunto alfix my the lower return-flue, and detachable means signature, in the presence of two witnesses, in one section for closing communication bethis 17th day of October, 1904.

tween the combustion-chamber and the upper 7 JOHN B. BERN HARD. fire-flue, and detachable means in the other Witnesses: end section for closing communication between WM. R. DAVIS, the upper fire-flue and the lower return-flue. EMMA KAUFMANN. 

